We believe you should be able to see the research behind what you take. Below are selected published studies and reviews on the key ingredients in our formulas, grouped by area of health. Inclusion of a study does not mean our products were tested in that study, doses in our products may differ from those studied, and research results do not guarantee individual results.
Circulation & nitric oxide
VitaFlow Nitric Oxide (L-citrulline, L-arginine) and ArteryGuard Plus (beetroot)
- Lundberg JO, Weitzberg E, Gladwin MT. The nitrate–nitrite–nitric oxide pathway in physiology and therapeutics. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2008;7(2):156–167.
- Schwedhelm E, et al. Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of oral L-citrulline and L-arginine: impact on nitric oxide metabolism. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2008;65(1):51–59.
- Webb AJ, et al. Acute blood pressure lowering, vasoprotective, and antiplatelet properties of dietary nitrate via bioconversion to nitrite. Hypertension. 2008;51(3):784–790.
- Kapil V, et al. Dietary nitrate provides sustained blood pressure lowering in hypertensive patients. Hypertension. 2015;65(2):320–327.
Performance & male vitality
PrimeDrive Plus (Tongkat Ali, maca, zinc), AlphaVital Male Plus (zinc) and Vigor Insta-Strips (Cordyceps)
- Henkel RR, et al. Tongkat Ali as a potential herbal supplement for physically active male and female seniors — a pilot study. Phytother Res. 2014;28(4):544–550.
- Gonzales GF, et al. Effect of Lepidium meyenii (Maca) on sexual desire and its absent relationship with serum testosterone levels in adult healthy men. Andrologia. 2002;34(6):367–372.
- Prasad AS, et al. Zinc status and serum testosterone levels of healthy adults. Nutrition. 1996;12(5):344–348.
- Chen S, et al. Effect of Cs-4 (Cordyceps sinensis) on exercise performance in healthy older subjects: a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. J Altern Complement Med. 2010;16(5):585–590.
Metabolism, digestion & sleep
CarbCalm Complete (cinnamon), MetaRise Plus (berberine), SatiaGold GLP-1 Support (ginger), SlimSleep PM Plus (magnesium, melatonin) and Sleep Insta-Strips (melatonin)
- Allen RW, et al. Cinnamon use in type 2 diabetes: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis. Ann Fam Med. 2013;11(5):452–459.
- Yin J, Xing H, Ye J. Efficacy of berberine in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Metabolism. 2008;57(5):712–717.
- Ernst E, Pittler MH. Efficacy of ginger for nausea and vomiting: a systematic review of randomized clinical trials. Br J Anaesth. 2000;84(3):367–371.
- Abbasi B, et al. The effect of magnesium supplementation on primary insomnia in elderly: a double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial. J Res Med Sci. 2012;17(12):1161–1169.
- Ferracioli-Oda E, Qawasmi A, Bloch MH. Meta-analysis: melatonin for the treatment of primary sleep disorders. PLoS One. 2013;8(5):e63773.
- Spiegel K, Tasali E, Penev P, Van Cauter E. Sleep curtailment in healthy young men is associated with decreased leptin levels, elevated ghrelin levels, and increased hunger and appetite. Ann Intern Med. 2004;141(11):846–850.
Longevity & immunity
CellRenew NAD+ Complex (NAD+) and ImmuneCore Defense Plus (vitamin C, vitamin D3, elderberry)
- Verdin E. NAD+ in aging, metabolism, and neurodegeneration. Science. 2015;350(6265):1208–1213.
- Rajman L, Chwalek K, Sinclair DA. Therapeutic potential of NAD-boosting molecules: the in vivo evidence. Cell Metab. 2018;27(3):529–547.
- López-Otín C, et al. The hallmarks of aging. Cell. 2013;153(6):1194–1217.
- Hemilä H, Chalker E. Vitamin C for preventing and treating the common cold. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2013;(1):CD000980.
- Martineau AR, et al. Vitamin D supplementation to prevent acute respiratory tract infections: systematic review and meta-analysis of individual participant data. BMJ. 2017;356:i6583.
- Hawkins J, et al. Black elderberry (Sambucus nigra) supplementation effectively treats upper respiratory symptoms: a meta-analysis of randomized, controlled clinical trials. Complement Ther Med. 2019;42:361–365.
Focus & mental energy
NeuroOmega EPA & DHA, ClarityB Focus (B vitamins), Energy Insta-Strips (caffeine, L-theanine) and Mushroom Focus Insta-Strips (Lion's Mane)
- Yurko-Mauro K, et al. Beneficial effects of docosahexaenoic acid on cognition in age-related cognitive decline. Alzheimers Dement. 2010;6(6):456–464.
- Kennedy DO. B vitamins and the brain: mechanisms, dose and efficacy — a review. Nutrients. 2016;8(2):68.
- Owen GN, et al. The combined effects of L-theanine and caffeine on cognitive performance and mood. Nutr Neurosci. 2008;11(4):193–198.
- Hidese S, et al. Effects of L-theanine administration on stress-related symptoms and cognitive functions in healthy adults: a randomized controlled trial. Nutrients. 2019;11(10):2362.
- Mori K, et al. Improving effects of the mushroom Yamabushitake (Hericium erinaceus) on mild cognitive impairment: a double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial. Phytother Res. 2009;23(3):367–372.
Healthy lifestyle
- Paluch AE, et al. Daily steps and all-cause mortality: a meta-analysis of 15 international cohorts. Lancet Public Health. 2022;7(3):e219–e228.
- Hirshkowitz M, et al. National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations. Sleep Health. 2015;1(1):40–43.
- U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans, 2nd edition. 2018.
These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. Our products are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease. Supplements are not a substitute for a varied diet, a healthy lifestyle or medical care: talk with your healthcare provider before starting any supplement.